How to choose a clinic or hospital in Japan
A simple guide for non-emergency situations
If your condition is not an emergency, the next question is where to go.
In Japan, clinics and hospitals have different roles.
Choosing the right one can save time, cost, and stress.
What about language support?
English support varies widely by facility.
Large hospitals are more likely to have English-speaking staff.
Clinics may rely on simple communication or translation tools.
In many cases, making an appointment by phone is the smoothest option.
The other page explains how to find a clinic or hospital and how to make an appointment (Learn more about finding them and making a medical appointment in Japan).
Clinics vs hospitals — what’s the difference?
Clinics (診療所・クリニック)
- Small to medium facilities
- Usually outpatient only
- Good for common symptoms and follow-up care
- Often faster and less expensive
Hospitals (病院)
- Larger facilities
- Can handle imaging, surgery, and hospitalization
- Longer waiting times are common
- Often require referrals for non-urgent visits
Which should I choose?
A simple rule of thumb
If your symptoms are mild or familiar, start with a clinic.
If symptoms are severe, unusual, or worsening, go to a hospital.
Examples
Clinic is usually appropriate if:
- Cold, fever, sore throat
- Stomach pain without severe symptoms
- Skin problems, minor injuries
- Prescription refills or follow-up visits
Hospital is usually appropriate if:
- Severe pain or rapidly worsening symptoms
- Suspected fractures or internal injuries
- Need for imaging (CT/MRI)
- Referral from another clinic
Do I need a referral?
Many hospitals in Japan prefer or require a referral letter.
Without one, you may be charged an additional fee.
Clinics do not require referrals.
This is not a penalty, but part of how Japan manages patient flow.
Can I go directly to a hospital?
Yes.
But you should know:
- You may wait longer
- You may pay an extra first-visit fee
- Non-urgent cases may be redirected to a clinic
If you are unsure which to go, starting at a clinic is often the safest choice.
If necessary, the doctor can examine you and write a referral letter to a hospital.